San Luis: del empleo industrial al refugio estatal. Cambios y desplazamientos en la estructura ocupacional

Abstract

Since the implementation of industrial promotion laws, in San Luis' province there was shaped a sectorial structure of employment that showed particular characteristics, different from the rest of the country. Actually, up to 1990, the secondary sector of the economy was concentrating approximately 50% of occupied workers. Nevertheless, from 1991 this scene modifies and workers occupied in the tertiary sector of economy increase. This loss of weight of Industry as employment generator was not compensated by an increase of other productive sectors: the only branches that show an expansive behavior are Services and Public Sector. As a result of these displacements, there was also modified the structure of the occupations and the qualifications required for workers. Thus, those who had qualified being employed at the industry find themselves today in a scene in which their qualifications have lost value on a market that now demands different knowledges and capacities. In this situation, public employment and low qualification occupations in Services appear as a refuge, an alternative to unemployment. This work analyzes the changes, breaks and continuities in the occupational structure of San Luis' province according to information of the National Censuses of Population and Housing and of the Permanent Survey of Homes.